In Europe, liberal democracies are under constant threat from illiberal, and populist forces. They are getting increasingly good at undermining liberal values, and entrenching their influence by weakening checks and balances, pluralism, and individual rights, and rule of law. Liberals can learn from the mistakes of Hungary and Poland, both cases of democratic backsliding, but also best practices at defeating illiberalism. Germany faces its own challenge from the far right Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) and a weakening liberal voter base for the Free Democratic Party (FDP). This study analyses insights from Central and Eastern Europe, and draws lessons for liberal parties.
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